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Review describes the underlying potential immunosuppressive effect of gal-3 through his modulation of lymphocytes and macrophages activity, specifically in the prostate and lung cancer. Depending on its location, extracellular or intracellular, gal-3 can show pro-or anti apoptotic effect on lymphocytes.

Researchers have modified the Sabin vaccine strain (nOPV2) making it less likely to regain virulence as the original Sabin strain. Genetic modification of nOPV2 did not affect the thermal stability, replication competency nor the immunogenicity profile the vaccine as compared to the origin Sabin vaccine strain.

Fitzpatrick et al., aimed to profile steady-state meningeal humoral immunity and investigated the induction of humoral in the meninges. In their study, they showed that meninges of “healthy, unchallenged” mice have detectable that IgA-secreting plasma cells.Thus, illustrating that the presence...

Since SARS-CoV-2 is airborne, we would be better served by a vaccine that would be delivered intranasally in order to promote an IgA response that targets the virus at mucosal sites rather than an intramuscular administration that predominantly induces IgG that have a limited contribution to the mucosal immunity.

Using the E.coli neonatal sepsis model researchers demonstrated dissemination of E.coli to other parts of the body including the brain was also associated with detection of detrimental sepsis-associated inflammatory cytokines. They showed that PTX modestly decreased TNF levels, but significantly increased levels IL-10.

Takaki et al., used a S.mansoni Zebrafish infection model and confocal microscopy demonstrated that only mature S.mansoni eggs induce granuloma formation, while immature eggs have limited capacity to do so. They showed that immature eggs evade granuloma formation...

Researchers sought to identify mechanisms that can account for the increased susceptibility to tuberculosis disease among individuals with diabetes and intermediate hyperglycemia. They demonstrated that patients with intermediate levels of hyperglycaemia also exhibit immune dysfunction...

Researchers from India and United Kingdom utilised human samples to demonstrates that NIX plays a central role in mitophagy mediated immune and metabolic reprogramming of peripheral immune cells during chronic pulmonary tuberculosis infection.

This week we highlight the COVID-19 SIG meeting that featured a talk by Dr Kizzmekia Corbett (NIH) on “SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Development Enabled by Prototype Pathogen Preparedness. Dr Corbett began her talk emphasising that the potential for coronavirus...

A recent paper in Science reported that about 10% of patients who develop severe COVID-19 pneumonia have neutralizing auto-Abs against type I IFNs Most notable was that (94%) patients with life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia, and who possessed these auto-Abs...