Study by Dias et al., aimed to determine the difference in transcriptional, activation and functional capacity of CD8+ and DN MAIT cells. They defined MAIT cells...
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What can ZIKV-CD8 T cells do ?
Vaccines rely on the induction of adaptive T and B cells responses to confer long term immunity. A potential challenge to inducing protective ZIKV immunity by vaccination, is pre-existing dengue virus (DENV) immunity. Both ...
Can some Tfh cells produce IFN-𝛾 ?
Tfh cells predominantly produce IL-21, however growing evidence has shows that these cells in vivo can also produce IFN-𝛾 (Th1) and IL-4 (Th2) cytokines. This suggests that the dogma of “one transcription factor, one cell type”...
Have you heard of the ESAT-6 free IGRA ?
One of the proposed strategies to combat the tuberculosis (TB) epidemic is the development of pre-exposure vaccines that prevent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection. In theory, such a vaccine would induce protective...
Are distinct monocyte subsets associated with severe Chagas diseases?
Argentinian researchers (Pérez-Mazliah et al.,) aimed to evaluate frequencies of these 3 different monocyte populations during different phases of Chagas...
Does HIV superinfection induce an additive or synergistic Ab effect?
Understanding immune responses in individuals who have HIV superinfections* could be the key to understanding how the immune system responds to sequential exposure...
Where do memory B cells get reactivated?
Vaccines harness this arm of immunity by typically inducing long lived plasma cells and/or memory B cells (MBC) that secrete antibodies (Ab)*.Unlike plasma cells, MBCs do not continuously produce Abs...
Strain specific host restriction of recurrent UTIs
O’Brien et al., aimed to determine the role of bacterial diversity and adaptive immunity in UTI. They conducted an in vivo murine model of UTI, where mice were...
TLR-agonist and Salmonella are potential antimelonoma immunotherapy
Since the discovery of the Coley toxin in the 19th century, bacterial based immunotherapies have been evaluated for the treatment of cancer. In this regard, Salmonella...
Plasmablast formation: which T helper phenotype is important?
Researchers from the University of Minnesota used an in vivo murine model of vaccination to assess the role of Tfh, Th1 or Th17 cells in plasmablast...