Autoimmune Conditions

A five-month-old male infant was brought into the emergency department by parents with hypotonicity (reduced muscular tone) and drowsiness that began the evening before. The infant presented with refractory atopic dermatitis and recent weight loss.

A 25 years-old, teacher, complains of double vision. She finds it difficult to talk after prolonged speaking. She is pregnant.Episodes of double vision began 6 weeks ago. Elsa's husband reported fluctuating droopy eyelids in the morning and evening, which started 4 weeks ago.

A 45 year old male is referred from outpatient clinic to a hospital dermatology department with well dermacated erythematous scaly annular plaques scattered on his...

A previously well 17 month old boy presents with a three day history of fever and a skin rash. No accompanying cough or diarrhoea. The patient recently moved to South Africa from Burund. His mother reports previously he has been well. She is unaware of contact with TB.

A 12 year old boy is brought into the paediatric casualty by his parents approximately 18 hours after sustaining a penetrating knife injury to his left eye. The child was here he was attacked by a fellow learner who stabbed him in his left eye. He sustained no other injuries as his attacker ran away after the incident.

A 33 year old female presents to the medical out patient department with a moderately severe headache, sudden onset of weakness in the right hand, numbness of the right side of her face and slurring her words. The symptoms had started about 3 hours earlier. According to the family the patient...

A 24 year old female, presented with a 6 day history of progressive weakness of her lower limbs and since this morning has been unable to walk due to complete paralysis. History: Two weeks ago she had an episode of gastroenteritis with watery profuse diarrhoea lasting 3 days.

A three month old male infant presents to the emergency department with a one day history of haematochezia and haematuria, accompanied by a diffuse rash and shortness of breath. A three month old male infant was brought into the emergency department..

A 9 year old girl presents with a one month history of generalised body swelling associated with shortness of breath and backache. Two and a half weeks previously the patient had been admitted to her local hospital for a similar episode.

A 7 year old female presents with a three week history of painful elbows, wrists and hands, generalised weakness and difficulty walking. History: Painful elbows, wrists and hands for 3/52; Sore throat; No early morning stiffness, but a generalised weakness ...